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THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY of SINGAPORE

The Politics of Art in the Third Reich

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Contents

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Introduction

This project is in fulfillment of the Continuous Assessment for module Europe of the Dictators (HY2212) in Dr. Peter Borschberg's class.

The purpose of this project is to generally examine Art in Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. More Specifically, it attempts to show the importance of art to the Nazis in their grandiose attempt to reconstruct the entire German Cultural Life as well as how Art served as an important means to propagate National Socialism. In that process, Art was nazified so as to serve as an effective ideological vehicle in order to create the "mythos of the dawn of a new German culture and civilization" as well as to reflect and hold in place the Nazi ideology.

This project is divided into several sections. All these sections are part of an overall analysis in showing how Art was nazified and used as means to reconstruct the German cultural life.

The first section deals with the ideology of National Socialism and how this ideology was linked to Art and how it was used to determined what was the ideal Art and what was considered degenerate.

In such a grandiose attempt at reconstructing the cultural life of an entire nation, bureaucracies and organizations are important in providing the means to effectively implement policies and measures as well as to exert control over the cultural and artistic realm. The second section will look briefly at some of the important organizations as well as some of the more prominent personalities involved in the Third Reich cultural policies.

 

Film is another important medium by which the Nazis attempted to propagate their ideology. Here in the section on films, the emphasis is not so much on the aesthetic values of the films, although two films with such values will be analyzed, but on their value as weapon of propaganda in transmitting Nazi ideology to the people.

Music was used as an attempt by the Nazis to bring back the v�lkisch spirit among the Germans. Chief among the music used to restore this spirit was Wagner's opera, where examples of the Teutonic Aryan hero were many. The music section will also analyse the ideal and degenerate forms of music in the Third Reich. This section will end with an analysis on whether music in Nazi Germany progressed or regressed.

The Visual Arts section will examine the functions and peculiar roles played by Visual Arts in the Third Reich. The parameters used by the Nazis in determining what is ideal and degenerate art will also be discussed. Lastly, this section will conclude by discussing whether there is an art form called Nazi Art.

 

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The section on architecture will discuss about the roles played by architecture in the propagation of Nazi ideology. It also expounds on the importance of architecture to Hitler. Most importantly, this section discusses the two schools of thought pertaining to Nazi architecture, the modernist and the traditionalist. Although Hitler encourages both, he personally identified himself to neither exclusively. Finally, the architecture section discusses and shows some of the architecture during the Nazi era.
 

 

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Degenerate Films

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Degenerate Music

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Degenerate Paintings

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Degenerate Sculptures

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Ideal Films

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Ideal Music

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Ideal Painting

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Ideal Sculpture